In the world of telecommunications, network licensing is a crucial aspect that governs how a network operates under current policies and regulations. Two commonly discussed types of network licenses are the Local Fixed Network License—known as Jaringan Tetap Lokal (Jartaplok)—and the Closed Network License, or Jaringan Tertutup (Jartup). While both serve communication purposes, they differ significantly in terms of objectives, coverage, and regulatory frameworks.

1. Definition and Purpose

• Local Fixed Network:
  This type of license is granted to telecommunications operators with official authorization to provide telecom services to the general public within a specific geographic area. It allows users to communicate within local areas and can also connect to national and international networks.

• Closed Network:
  In contrast, a closed network is typically used for internal purposes by large organizations or corporations. It is not intended for public use and is designed for communication or data transmission within a specific corporate or institutional environment.

2. Scope and Users

• Local Fixed Network:
  Accessible to the general public, offering various services such as landline telephones, fixed internet, and business communication solutions. Services may include voice, data, and multimedia.

• Closed Network:
  Used exclusively by specific groups or entities such as corporations, government agencies, or organizations requiring dedicated internal communication networks.

3. Regulation and Licensing

• Local Fixed Network:
  This license requires approval from national telecommunications authorities and must comply with strict regulations covering technical standards, service quality, and obligations to end-users.

• Closed Network:
  Although it also requires licensing, the regulatory requirements are generally more flexible, as the network is limited to specific organizations and does not involve broad public services.

4. Infrastructure and Technology Model

• Local Fixed Network:
   Utilizes more complex infrastructure such as fiber-optic cables, wired telephone networks, and IP-based technologies to deliver wide-ranging, high-quality services directly to customers.

• Closed Network:
   Employs simpler infrastructure tailored for internal needs, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), closed radio communication systems, or dedicated satellite-based communication systems.

5. Security and Privacy

• Local Fixed Network:
   Must adhere to established security standards, especially in protecting customer data and ensuring user privacy.

• Closed Network:
   Generally offers a higher level of security, as it is specifically designed for internal communication and inaccessible to external parties without proper authorization.

Conclusion

Both licenses have fundamental differences in terms of scope, licensing, users, and technology. Local Fixed Network licenses focus on public services and are subject to strict regulations due to their interaction with the broader public. In contrast, Closed Network licenses serve internal operational needs and are subject to more flexible controls. Ultimately, choosing the appropriate network type depends on operational requirements and compliance with current regulations in Indonesia. To learn more about Telkom’s products and services, please visit our official website at mycarrier.telkom.co.id.

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